一 右键菜单 1 右键菜单 当在窗口点击鼠标右键时，弹出的菜单。 2 右键菜单的使用 2.1 创建菜单 CreatePopupMenu 2.2 菜单增加 AppendMenu 2.3 菜单的显示、BOOL TrackPopupMenu(
HMENU hMenu, //显示的菜单句柄
UINT uFlags, //显示的方式
int x, //菜单的X屏幕坐标
int y, //菜单的Y屏幕坐标
int nReserved, //保留,必须为0
HWND hWnd, //处理菜单命令的窗口句柄
CONST RECT *prcRect ); //忽略 2.4 菜单的命令处理 WM_COMMAND 2.5 使用右键菜单的位置 2.5.1 WM_RBUTTONUP 消息 在WM_RBUTTONUP中,添加菜单的创建及显示, 右键消息坐标,转换成屏幕坐标使用. ClientToScreen. 2.5.2 WM_CONTEXTMENU 消息 用于显示右键的菜单的消息. WPARAM - 右键抬起时对应窗口句柄 LPARAM - 右键抬起时鼠标的屏幕坐标位置 LOWORD(lParam) - X屏幕坐标 HIWORD(lParam) - Y屏幕坐标 2.5.3 WM_RBUTTONUP和WM_CONTEXTMENU对比 1) 坐标系不同, WM_RBUTTONUP客户区坐标,WM_CONTEXTMENU屏幕坐标 2) 先有WM_RBUTTONUP消息,后有WM_CONTEXTMENU消息 /* File : winPopMenu.cpp
* Auth : sjin
* Date : 20140706
* Mail : 413977243@qq.com
*/
#include
#include
HINSTANCE g_hInst = NULL;
void OnRButtonUp( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{ // 创建弹出式菜单
HMENU hPopMenu = CreatePopupMenu( );
// 增加菜单项
AppendMenu( hPopMenu, MF_STRING, 1001, "测试1");
AppendMenu( hPopMenu, MF_SEPARATOR, 0, NULL );
AppendMenu( hPopMenu, MF_STRING, 1002, "退出");
// 获取菜单位置
POINT point = { 0 };
point.x = LOWORD( lParam );
point.y = HIWORD( lParam );
ClientToScreen( hWnd, &point; );
// 显示菜单
TrackPopupMenu( hPopMenu, TPM_LEFTALIGN,
point.x, point.y, 0, hWnd, NULL );
}
void OnContextMenu( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{ // 创建弹出式菜单
HMENU hPopMenu = CreatePopupMenu( );
// 增加菜单项
AppendMenu( hPopMenu, MF_STRING, 1001, "测试2");
AppendMenu( hPopMenu, MF_SEPARATOR, 0, NULL );
AppendMenu( hPopMenu, MF_STRING, 1002, "退出");
// 坐标获取
int nX = LOWORD( lParam );
int nY = HIWORD( lParam );
// 显示菜单
TrackPopupMenu( hPopMenu, TPM_LEFTALIGN,
nX, nY, 0, hWnd, NULL );
// 删除菜单
DestroyMenu( hPopMenu );
}
void OnCommand( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
int nCmdID = LOWORD( wParam );
switch( nCmdID )
{
case 1001:
MessageBox( NULL, "Hello Popmenu",
"PopMenu", MB_OK );
break;
case 1002:
PostQuitMessage( 0 );
break;
}
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd,
UINT nMsg,
WPARAM wParam,
LPARAM lParam )
{
switch( nMsg )
{
case WM_RBUTTONUP:
//OnRButtonUp( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );
break;
case WM_CONTEXTMENU:
OnContextMenu( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );
break;
case WM_COMMAND:
OnCommand( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage( 0 );
return 0;
}
return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg,
wParam, lParam );
}
BOOL RegisterWnd( LPSTR pszClassName )
{
WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 };
wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce );
wce.cbClsExtra = 0;
wce.cbWndExtra = 0;
wce.hbrBackground = HBRUSH(COLOR_WINDOW);
wce.hCursor = NULL;
wce.hIcon = NULL;
wce.hIconSm = NULL;
wce.hInstance = g_hInst;
wce.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
wce.lpszClassName = pszClassName;
wce.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wce.style = CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW;
ATOM nAtom = RegisterClassEx( &wce; );
if( 0 == nAtom )
{
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
HWND CreateWnd( LPSTR pszClassName )
{
HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0,
pszClassName, "MyWnd",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, NULL, g_hInst,
NULL );
return hWnd;
}
void DisplayWnd( HWND hWnd )
{
ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOW );
UpdateWindow( hWnd );
}
void Message( )
{
MSG msg = { 0 };
while( GetMessage( &msg;, NULL, 0, 0 ) )
{
TranslateMessage( &msg; );
DispatchMessage( &msg; );
}
}
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine,
int nCmdShow)
{
g_hInst = hInstance;
RegisterWnd( "MYWND" );
HWND hWnd = CreateWnd( "MYWND" );
DisplayWnd( hWnd );
Message( );
return 0;
}二、资源的使用 1 资源文件 图标、光标、字符串、菜单、加速键和对话框资源,位图资源等等。 资源脚本文件 - 扩展名为RC文件。定义了资源和相关文件等等信息。 资源编译器 - RC.exe 2 图标资源ICON 2.1 常用的几种大小: 16X16, 32X32,48X48 2.2 使用 HICON LoadIcon( HINSTANCE hInstance, //应用程序的句柄 LPCTSTR lpIconName );//图标的ID字符串 2.3 系统提供的图标 hInstance为空, lpIconName为定义的系统图标. 2.4 自己绘制的图标 hInstance为图标所在的应用程序的实例句柄 2.5 注意点： 一个图标文件中,可以包含多种大小、颜色不同的图标，系统使用图标时，通过大小来匹配，如果未找到大小完全一致的，那么会使用大小最接近的图标格式替换。 3 光标资源 3.1 光标资源 热点 Hotspot - 可以产生鼠标点击的位置 3.2 使用 HCURSOR LoadCursor( HINSTANCE hInstance, //应用程序实例句柄 LPCTSTR lpCursorName); //光标的ID 3.3 系统的光标 hInstance为空，lpCursorName指定为系统的光标即可获得 3.4 自绘制的光标 hInstance不能为空。 3.5 WM_SETCURSOR消息 当鼠标在窗口内就会产生。可以在程序执行的过程中修改鼠标样式。 wParam - 窗口句柄; LOWORD(lParam) - 所在位置的标识 HIWORD(lParam) - 鼠标的消息ID SetCursour 设置当前窗口的光标/* File : winRes.cpp
* Auth : sjin
* Date : 20140710
* Mail : 413977243@qq.com
*/
#include
#include
#include
#include "Resource.h"
HINSTANCE g_hInst = NULL;
BOOL OnSetCursor( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
int nHitTest = LOWORD( lParam );
if( HTCLIENT != nHitTest )/*为了只处理客户区消息，需要增加这个设置*/
{
// return FALSE;
}
//获得窗口的客户区
RECT rcClient = { 0 };
GetClientRect( hWnd, &rcClient; );
//获得当前光标的位置
POINT ptPos = { 0 };
GetCursorPos( &ptPos; );
ScreenToClient( hWnd, &ptPos; );
//根据位置加载光标
HCURSOR hCursor = NULL;
if( ptPos.x < rcClient.right/2 )
{
if( ptPos.y < rcClient.bottom/2 )
{
/*HCURSOR LoadCursor(
* HINSTANCE hInstance, //应用程序实例句柄
* LPCTSTR lpCursorName); //光标的ID
* 系统光标: hInstance为NULL，lpCursorName：光标资源ID
* 自绘制光标：hInstance不能为NULL，lpCursorName：自绘光标资源ID
*/
hCursor = LoadCursor( NULL, IDC_SIZEALL );
}
else
{
hCursor = LoadCursor( NULL, IDC_CROSS );
}
}
else
{
if( ptPos.y < rcClient.bottom/2 )
{
hCursor = LoadCursor( NULL, IDC_WAIT );
}
else
{
hCursor = LoadCursor( NULL, IDC_UPARROW );
}
}
// 设置光标
SetCursor( hCursor );
return TRUE;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd,
UINT nMsg,
WPARAM wParam,
LPARAM lParam )
{
switch( nMsg )
{
/*当鼠标在窗口内就会触发这个消息，可以再程序执行过程中修改光标的样式*/
case WM_SETCURSOR:
if( TRUE == OnSetCursor( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam ) )
{
/*设置光标属性生效，必须返回*/
return 0;
}
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage( 0 );
return 0;
}
/*执行默认的光标属性*/
return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg,
wParam, lParam );
}
BOOL RegisterWnd( LPSTR pszClassName )
{
WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 };
wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce );
wce.cbClsExtra = 0;
wce.cbWndExtra = 0;
wce.hbrBackground = HBRUSH(COLOR_WINDOW);
wce.hCursor = LoadCursor( g_hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_POINTER) );
wce.hIcon = LoadIcon( g_hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_MAIN) );
wce.hIconSm = NULL;
wce.hInstance = g_hInst;
wce.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
wce.lpszClassName = pszClassName;
wce.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wce.style = CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW;
ATOM nAtom = RegisterClassEx( &wce; );
if( 0 == nAtom )
{
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
HWND CreateWnd( LPSTR pszClassName )
{
HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0,
pszClassName, "MyWnd",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, NULL, g_hInst,
NULL );
return hWnd;
}
void DisplayWnd( HWND hWnd )
{
ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOW );
UpdateWindow( hWnd );
}
void Message( )
{
MSG msg = { 0 };
while( GetMessage( &msg;, NULL, 0, 0 ) )
{
TranslateMessage( &msg; );
DispatchMessage( &msg; );
}
}
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine,
int nCmdShow)
{
g_hInst = hInstance;
RegisterWnd( "MYWND" );
HWND hWnd = CreateWnd( "MYWND" );
DisplayWnd( hWnd );
Message( );
return 0;
}4 字符串资源 4.1 包含字符串的资源 4.2 使用 int LoadString( HINSTANCE hInstance,//程序句柄 UINT uID, //字符串资源的ID LPTSTR lpBuffer, //存放字符串的BUFF int nBufferMax ); //BUFF的大小 返回获取字符串的长度 5 菜单资源 5.1 添加菜单资源 5.2 加载菜单资源 HMENU LoadMenu( HINSTANCE hInstance, //应用程序句柄 LPCTSTR lpMenuName );//菜单ID字符串 返回加载成功的菜单的句柄 5.3 命令处理 使用添加的菜单ID的宏,在WM_COMMAND消息中,处理菜单命令.6 加速键资源 6.1 加速键的作用 可以使用加速键执行命令. 例如Ctrl+S存盘. 6.2 加速键资源的添加 6.3 加速键的使用 6.3.1 加载 HACCEL LoadAccelerators( HINSTANCE hInstance,//资源所在的应用程序句柄 LPCTSTR lpTableName ); //加速键表的ID字符串 加载成功返回加速键表的句柄 6.3.2 增加消息处理intTranslateAccelerator(
HWND hWnd,//处理加速键的窗口句柄HACCEL hAccTable,//加速键表LPMSG lpMsg );//MSG结构的地址 6.4 关于加速键的消息 TranslateAccelerator的作用是将WM_KEYDOWN或者WM_SYSKEYDOWN消息,翻译成WM_COMMAND或者WM_SYSCOMMAND消息. 当收到KEYDOWN或者SYSKEYDOWN的消息时,会根据加速键表中按键和命令ID对应关系,找到相应的命令ID,然后调用窗口处理函数,执行WM_COMMAND或者WM_SYSCOMMAND消息. 当找到对应命令ID并执行后，TranslateAccelerator返回非零，那么就不再执行后续的处理，消息循环等候下一条消息。否则，继续让消息循环中的TansnlateMessage和DispatchMessage处理。/* File : winRes.cpp
* Auth : sjin
* Date : 20140710
* Mail : 413977243@qq.com
*/
#include
#include
#include
#include "Resource.h"
HINSTANCE g_hInst = NULL;
BOOL OnSetCursor( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
int nHitTest = LOWORD( lParam );
if( HTCLIENT != nHitTest )/*为了只处理客户区消息，需要增加这个设置*/
{
// return FALSE;
}
//获得窗口的客户区
RECT rcClient = { 0 };
GetClientRect( hWnd, &rcClient; );
//获得当前光标的位置
POINT ptPos = { 0 };
GetCursorPos( &ptPos; );
ScreenToClient( hWnd, &ptPos; );
//根据位置加载光标
HCURSOR hCursor = NULL;
if( ptPos.x < rcClient.right/2 )
{
if( ptPos.y < rcClient.bottom/2 )
{
/*HCURSOR LoadCursor(
* HINSTANCE hInstance, //应用程序实例句柄
* LPCTSTR lpCursorName); //光标的ID
* 系统光标: hInstance为NULL，lpCursorName：光标资源ID
* 自绘制光标：hInstance不能为NULL，lpCursorName：自绘光标资源ID
*/
hCursor = LoadCursor( NULL, IDC_SIZEALL );
}
else
{
hCursor = LoadCursor( NULL, IDC_CROSS );
}
}
else
{
if( ptPos.y < rcClient.bottom/2 )
{
hCursor = LoadCursor( NULL, IDC_WAIT );
}
else
{
hCursor = LoadCursor( NULL, IDC_UPARROW );
}
}
// 设置光标
SetCursor( hCursor );
return TRUE;
}
void OnCommand(HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
/*ID 号*/
int nCmdID = LOWORD(wParam);
switch(nCmdID){
case ID_40001:
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
case ID_40002:
break;
default:
break;
}
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd,
UINT nMsg,
WPARAM wParam,
LPARAM lParam )
{
switch( nMsg )
{
/*当鼠标在窗口内就会触发这个消息，可以再程序执行过程中修改光标的样式*/
case WM_SETCURSOR:
if( TRUE == OnSetCursor( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam ) )
{
/*设置光标属性生效，必须返回*/
return 0;
}
break;
case WM_COMMAND:/*处理菜单的命令*/
OnCommand(hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam);
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage( 0 );
return 0;
}
/*执行默认的光标属性*/
return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg,
wParam, lParam );
}
BOOL RegisterWnd( LPSTR pszClassName )
{
WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 };
wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce );
wce.cbClsExtra = 0;
wce.cbWndExtra = 0;
wce.hbrBackground = HBRUSH(COLOR_WINDOW);
wce.hCursor = LoadCursor( g_hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_POINTER) );
wce.hIcon = LoadIcon( g_hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_MAIN) );
wce.hIconSm = NULL;
wce.hInstance = g_hInst;
wce.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
wce.lpszClassName = pszClassName;
wce.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wce.style = CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW;
ATOM nAtom = RegisterClassEx( &wce; );
if( 0 == nAtom )
{
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
HWND CreateWnd( LPSTR pszClassName )
{
/*加载字符串资源
* int LoadString(
* HINSTANCE hInstance,//程序句柄
* UINT uID, //字符串资源的ID
* LPTSTR lpBuffer, //存放字符串的BUFF
* int nBufferMax ); //BUFF的大小
* 返回获取字符串的长度
* 用户：在多语言支持中使用字符串资源。
*/
char buf[256] = {'\0'};
LoadString(g_hInst,IDS_MAIN,buf,256);
/*加载菜单资源
* HMENU LoadMenu(
* HINSTANCE hInstance, //应用程序句柄
* LPCTSTR lpMenuName );//菜单ID字符串
*
* 返回加载成功的菜单的句柄
*/
HMENU hMenu = LoadMenu(g_hInst,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MAIN));
HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0,
pszClassName, /*"MyWnd"*/buf,
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, hMenu, g_hInst,
NULL );
return hWnd;
}
void DisplayWnd( HWND hWnd )
{
ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOW );
UpdateWindow( hWnd );
}
void Message(HWND hWnd )
{
/*加载加速键表
*
*/
HACCEL hAccel = LoadAccelerators(g_hInst,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_ACCEL));
MSG msg = { 0 };
while( GetMessage( &msg;, NULL, 0, 0 ) )
{
/*增加加速键的消息处理*/
if(!TranslateAccelerator(hWnd,hAccel,&msg;)){
TranslateMessage( &msg; );
DispatchMessage( &msg; );
}
}
}
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine,
int nCmdShow)
{
g_hInst = hInstance;
RegisterWnd( "MYWND" );
HWND hWnd = CreateWnd( "MYWND" );
DisplayWnd( hWnd );
Message(hWnd );
return 0;
}