一般我会在计算机上装两个或者多个系统,例如,我在计算机上安装了Ubuntu、Windows 7、Windows 8.1。有一天我的Win8.1不能正常使用了,我想重新安装Win8.1,但是安装之后Linux就不能被引导进入了!大家知道Linux是使用Grub来引导的,那我们完全可以重新安装Grub!
因为原先的Linux不能进入了,所以我们制作一个Linux系统安装盘,然后利用“试用Ubuntu“来完成这个任务。
暂时不说这个了。
ubuntu@ubunt:~$ sudo fdisk -l
我有三个硬盘,输出结果如下:
Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x2bf44b31
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 209717247 104857600 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda2 209717248 419432447 104857600 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda3 419434494 1953523711 767044609 f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
Partition 3 does not start on physical sector boundary.
/dev/sda5 419434496 629149695 104857600 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda6 629151744 838866943 104857600 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda7 838868992 1048584191 104857600 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda8 1048586240 1048975359 194560 83 Linux
/dev/sda9 1048977408 1348974591 149998592 83 Linux
/dev/sda10 1348976640 1548974079 99998720 83 Linux
/dev/sda11 1548976128 1889515519 170269696 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda12 1889525760 1953523711 31998976 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Disk /dev/sdb: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xc4e7c4e7
Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/sdc: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xafd68fba
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 2048 209717247 104857600 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sdc2 209717248 625139711 207711232 f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sdc5 209719296 625139711 207710208 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
其中System标记为Linux的就是Linux控制的分区了。
我自己知道当初安装Linux的时候分区是这样的:
/boot ~200MB
/ ~150GB
/home ~?
所以我判断:
/dev/sda8 /boot
/dev/sda9 /
/dev/sda10 /home
故作如下挂挂载操作:
ubuntu@ubunt:~$ sudo mount /dev/sda9 /mnt
ubuntu@ubunt:~$ sudo mount /dev/sda8 /mnt/boot
ubuntu@ubunt:~$ sudo mount /dev/sda10 /mnt/home
挂载结束后,还要进行如下操作(原因不明):
ubuntu@ubunt:~$ sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
ubuntu@ubunt:~$ sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
ubuntu@ubunt:~$ sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
如果你使用的是grub2:
ubuntu@ubunt:~$ sudo chroot /mnt
ubuntu@ubunt:/# grub2-install /dev/sda
ubuntu@ubunt:/# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
ubuntu@ubunt:/# exit # 退出chroot
如果不是grub2:
ubuntu@ubunt:~$ sudo chroot /mnt
ubuntu@ubunt:/# grub-install /dev/sda
ubuntu@ubunt:/# grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
ubuntu@ubunt:/# exit # 退出chroot
如果你想
ubuntu@ubunt:~$ sudo umount /mnt/sys
ubuntu@ubunt:~$ sudo umount /mnt/proc
ubuntu@ubunt:~$ sudo umount /mnt/dev
ubuntu@ubunt:~$ sudo umount /mnt/home
ubuntu@ubunt:~$ sudo umount /mnt/boot
ubuntu@ubunt:~$ sudo umount /mnt
ubuntu@ubunt:~$ sudo shutdown -r -h now