IT博客汇 | 在VirtualBox中安装Oracle 12c RAC

在VirtualBox中安装Oracle 12c RAC

royalwzy发表于 2016-07-18 01:09:25

1.实验环境:

1.OS:Oracle Linux Server release 6.6;

2.Oracle:12.1.0.2.0;

3.Node1:

1.hostname:node1.oracle.com;

2.public ip:192.168.10.170(eth0);

3.private ip:191.168.20.170(eth1);

4.virtual ip:192.168.10.173;

4.Node2:

1.hostname:node2.oracle.com;

2.public ip:192.168.10.171(eth0);

3.private ip:191.168.20.171(eth1);

4.virtual ip:192.168.10.174;

5.SCAN IP:192.168.10.177/192.168.10.178/192.168.10.179;

2.配置网络环境,安装软件包并调整服务器的时间和参数:

1.设置服务器名:hostname;

2.修改/etc/hosts,/etc/sysconfig/network;

3.使用ntp服务器保持时间同步;

4.设置IP地址;

5.配置DNS服务器,并修改/etc/resolv.conf配置文件;

6.安装软件包:yum -y install binutils* compat-lib* gcc* glibc* ksh make* sysstat* unixODBC* libgcc* libstdc++* libaio* libXext* libXtst* libX11* libXau* libxcb* libXi*;

7.分别修改/etc/sysctl.conf文件;

8.分别修改/etc/security/limits.conf文件;

9.修改/etc/pam.d/login文件;

10.创建grid和oracle用户及添加相应的环境变量;

11.关闭防火墙和SELinux;

3.使用udev创建共享磁盘;

4.安装GI;

1.解压软件;

2.安装cvu相关rpm包:rpm -ivh /tools/grid/rpm/cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm;

3.安装前校验:/tools/grid/runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n node1,node2 -verbose;

4.最后检查资源状态:crsctl stat res -t;

5.使用asmca命令创建磁盘组;

1.创建GI的时候已经创建了CRS磁盘组;

2.创建DATA磁盘组;

3.创建FRA磁盘组;

6.安装数据库软件;

7.安装数据库;

1.查看资源状态:crsctl stat res -t;

2.查看RAC数据库配置信息:srvctl config database -d ORCL/srvctl status database -d ORCL/srvctl status listener;

----------------------- 网络配置 -----------------------

-- 修改主机名;

hostname node1.oracle.com

hostname node2.oracle.com

-- 修改/etc/hosts;

127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4

::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

# Public IP

192.168.10.170 node1.oracle.com node1

192.168.10.171 node2.oracle.com node2

# Private IP

192.168.20.170 node1-pri.oracle.com node1-pri

192.168.20.171 node2-pri.oracle.com node2-pri

# VIP

192.168.10.172 node1-vip.oracle.com node1-vip

192.168.10.173 node2-vip.oracle.com node2-vip

# Scan IP

192.168.10.177 rac-cluster-scan.oracle.com rac-cluster-scan

#192.168.10.178 rac-cluster-scan.oracle.com rac-cluster-scan

#192.168.10.179 rac-cluster-scan.oracle.com rac-cluster-scan

# DNS Server

#192.168.10.180 rac-dns.oracle.com rac-dns

-- 修改/etc/sysconfig/network;

HOSTNAME=node1.oracle.com

HOSTNAME=node2.oracle.com

----------------------- 网络配置 -----------------------

----------------------- 系统参数 -----------------------

-- 修改/etc/sysctl.conf文件;

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.shmall = 1073741824

kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

> sysctl -p;

-- 修改/etc/security/limits.conf文件;

grid soft nproc 2047

grid hard nproc 16384

grid soft nofile 4096

grid hard nofile 65536

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 4096

oracle hard nofile 65536

-- 修改/etc/pam.d/login文件;

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

session required pam_limits.so

----------------------- 系统参数 -----------------------

----------------------- 创建用户 -----------------------

-- 创建用户组;

groupadd -g 10001 oinstall

groupadd -g 10002 dba

groupadd -g 10003 oper

groupadd -g 10004 backupdba

groupadd -g 10005 dgdba

groupadd -g 10006 kmdba

groupadd -g 10007 asmdba

groupadd -g 10008 asmoper

groupadd -g 10009 asmadmin

-- 创建用户;

useradd -u 10000 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba oracle;

useradd -u 10001 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,asmoper,asmadmin grid;

-- 创建软件目录;

mkdir -p /u01/app/grid;

mkdir -p /u01/app/12.1.0/grid;

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1;

chown -R grid:oinstall /u01;

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle;

chmod -R 775 /u01;

-- 设置grid用户的环境变量.bash_profile

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=node1.oracle.com

ORACLE_SID=+ASM1

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/12.1.0/grid

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib:/lib

CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

export ORACLE_HOSTNAME ORACLE_SID ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH CLASSPATH

alias sqlplus='rlwrap sqlplus'

-- 设置oracle用户的环境变量.bash_profile

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=node1.oracle.com

ORACLE_SID=ORCL1

ORACLE_UNQNAME=ORCL

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/db_1

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

export ORACLE_HOSTNAME ORACLE_SID ORACLE_UNQNAME ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH CLASSPATH

alias sqlplus='rlwrap sqlplus'

----------------------- 创建用户 -----------------------

----------------------- 创建共享磁盘 -----------------------

-- 在一个虚拟机中创建[固定大小]的虚拟磁盘;

-- 然后在[管理]->[虚拟介质管理]界面,修虚拟磁盘的类型为[可共享];

-- 添加到另外的虚拟机中;

----------------------- 创建共享磁盘 -----------------------

----------------------- 使用udev配置共享磁盘 -----------------------

-- 生成udev规则文件的脚本;

for i in a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

echo "KERNEL==\"sd*\", BUS==\"scsi\", PROGRAM==\"/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/\$name\", RESULT==\"`/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/sd$i`\", NAME=\"asm-disk$i\", OWNER=\"grid\", GROUP=\"asmadmin\", MODE=\"0660\""

done

-- 检查是否安装udev;

rpm -qa | grep udev

-- 添加规则文件vi /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules;(内容可以通过脚本生成)

KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBab81d7dc-431ca37f", NAME="asm-crs", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBe8fa478f-cd38bd32", NAME="asm-data1", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB57dac3e5-ff6636ce", NAME="asm-data2", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB04158991-1baaa75c", NAME="asm-data3", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB389c5a94-92168d11", NAME="asm-fra1", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBbfb07df0-3eca3187", NAME="asm-fra2", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

-- 将该规则文件拷贝到其他节点上;

-- 在所有节点上启动udev服务;

/sbin/start_udev

-- 检查文件;

ll /dev/

----------------------- 使用udev配置共享磁盘 -----------------------

----------------------- RAC的启动和关闭顺序 -----------------------

1.关闭RAC:

1.关闭数据库:停止所有节点上的实例[oracle@node1 ~]$ srvctl stop database -d ORCL;

2.停止OHAS(Oracle High Availability Services):[root@node1 ~]# $GRID_HOME/crsctl stop has -f;

3.停止集群服务:root@node1 ~]# $GRID_HOME/crsctl stop cluster [-all];

2.启动RAC,默认开机会自启动,手工启动的顺序如下:

1.启动集群:root@node1 ~]# $GRID_HOME/crsctl start cluster [-all];

2.启动OHAS:root@node1 ~]# $GRID_HOME/crsctl start has;

3.启动数据库:[oracle@node1 ~]$ srvctl start database -d ORCL;

----------------------- RAC的启动和关闭顺序 -----------------------