在中小企业中，LAMP架构被广泛使用。而对于高并发请求的情形，其Web服务器通常以Nginx居多，因此LNMP组合架构也非常普遍。在LAMP架构中，Apache可以使用三种方式与PHP连接通信，即以模块化的方式，CGI（已不再使用）以及FastCGI。那对于Nginx而言，则可以使用FastCGI方式，即反向代理方式，将PHP代码有FastCGI转交给PHP解释器进行处理。本文描述配置Nginx到PHP的连接。

一、环境准备

安装Nginx：Linux 6 下安装编译安装Nginx
安装PHP : Linux 6 下编译安装 PHP 5.6

二、演示环境

###当前环境为CentOS 6.7，本演示配置适用于CentOS 7下配置nginx连接PHP。
# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS release 6.7 (Final)

# nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.8.1

# service nginx start
Starting nginx:                   [  OK  ]

# ss -nltp|grep nginx
LISTEN     0      128   *:8001      *:*      users:(("nginx",2168,6),("nginx",2171,6))

# service php-fpm start           
Starting php-fpm  done

# ss -nltp|grep php
LISTEN  0  128 127.0.0.1:9000  *:* users:(("php-fpm",2255,9),("php-fpm",2256,0),("php-fpm",2257,0))

# php -v
PHP 5.6.9 (cli) (built: Jul 17 2016 18:45:50) 
Copyright (c) 1997-2015 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v2.6.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2015 Zend Technologies
    with XCache v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 2005-2014, by mOo
    with XCache Optimizer v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 2005-2014, by mOo
    with XCache Cacher v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 2005-2014, by mOo

三、配置nginx

1、编辑/etc/nginx


/nginx.conf，启用如下选项：
location ~ \.php$ {
            root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }

在所支持的主页面格式中添加php格式的主页，类似如下：
location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.php index.html index.htm;
        }

2、编辑/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params，将其内容更改为如下内容：
# cp /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params.bk
# cat /dev/null>/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params
# vim /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params
fastcgi_param  GATEWAY_INTERFACE  CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx;
fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length;
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param  REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param  REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_ADDR        $server_addr;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_NAME        $server_name;

3、重新载入nginx的配置文件：
# nginx -t               
# service nginx reload   

四、验证

1、在/etc/nginx/html新建index.php的测试页面，


测试php是否能正常工作：
# vi /etc/nginx/html/index.php 
<?php                 ### Author : Leshami
phpinfo();            ### Blog   : http://blog.csdn.net/leshami
?>

2、通过浏览测试php页面

浏览器打开 http://192.168.1.245:8001

也可以使用如下方式测试
# curl -I http://192.168.1.245:8001
HTTP/1.1 200 OK                   
Server: nginx/1.8.1
Date: Tue, 19 Jul 2016 03:29:44 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Connection: keep-alive
X-Powered-By: PHP/5.6.9

3、访问mysql数据库
#yum install php-mysql（安装php的mysql驱动）

vim /etc/nginx/html/connmysql.php
<?php
        $conn = mysql_connect('192.168.1.242','robin','xxx');
        if ($conn)
                echo "succ";
        else
                echo "failute";

        mysql_close();
?>

# curl http://192.168.1.245:8001/connmysql.php
succ

五、Nginx与PHP分离的情形

Nginx Web服务器与PHP应用

服务器可能位于不同的服务器，则做如下调整：
        Nginx配置通过fastcgi反向代理时应指定PHP服务器监听的IP地址及端口号。
        PHP服务器监听器监听地址应修改为对外提供服务的IP地址及端口号。
        可使用NFS将PHP应用服务器目录挂载的本地，配置为Nginx location 路径。

如下示例：
        Nginx服务器：192.168.1.245:8001
        PHP  服务器：192.168.1.242

Nginx服务器nginx.conf配置
   location / {
     #       root   html;
             root  /data;
         index  index.php index.html index.htm;

     location ~ \.php$ {
   #      root           html;
          root           /data;
         fastcgi_pass   192.168.1.242:9000;
         fastcgi_index  index.php;
         fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
         include        fastcgi_params;
     }

PHP服务器php-fpm.conf配置
        # grep listen /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf|grep -v ";"
                listen = 192.168.1.242:9000  

    # mkdir -pv /data        ###存放php代码
        # echo "/data 192.168.1.0/24(rw)" >/etc/exports
        # /etc/init.d/rpcbind start
        # /etc/init.d/nfslock start
        # /etc/init.d/nfs start

Nginx服务器mount NFS
        # mount -t nfs 192.168.1.242:/data /data        

验证略