Selenium+PhantomJS设置User-Agent, Selenium和PhantomJS设置User-Agent

有些网站的WebServer对User-Agent有限制，可能会拒绝不熟悉的User-Agent的访问，所以，写Web自动化代码可能需要将User-Agent稍微伪装一下，否则可能会被拒绝访问。这里简单记录一下Selenium中使用PhantomJS，设置User-Agent的方法。

python下Selenium依赖：

sudo pip install selenium

默认情况下，是没有自动设置User-Agent的，默认的User-Agent显示为PhantomJS；设置PhantomJS的user-agent，是要设置“phantomjs.page.settings.userAgent”这个desired_capability：

'''
Created on Dec 6, 2013
 
@author: Jay
@summary: Set user-agent before using PhantomJS to get a web page.
'''
 
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities
 
dcap = dict(DesiredCapabilities.PHANTOMJS)
dcap["phantomjs.page.settings.userAgent"] = (
    "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.9; rv:25.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/25.0 "
)
 
driver = webdriver.PhantomJS(executable_path='./phantomjs', desired_capabilities=dcap)
driver.get("http://dianping.com/")
cap_dict = driver.desired_capabilities
for key in cap_dict:
    print '%s: %s' % (key, cap_dict[key])
print driver.current_url
driver.quit

执行后输出如下：

jay@Jay-Air:~/workspace/python_study/dp/qa/2013/12 $python user_agent_phantomjs.py 
rotatable: False
takesScreenshot: True
acceptSslCerts: False
browserConnectionEnabled: False
javascriptEnabled: True
driverVersion: 1.0.3
databaseEnabled: False
locationContextEnabled: False
platform: mac-unknown-32bit
browserName: phantomjs
version: 1.9.1
driverName: ghostdriver
nativeEvents: True
phantomjs.page.settings.userAgent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.9; rv:25.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/25.0 
applicationCacheEnabled: False
webStorageEnabled: False
proxy: {u'proxyType': u'direct'}
handlesAlerts: False
cssSelectorsEnabled: True
http://www.dianping.com/citylist

关键点：

dcap = dict(DesiredCapabilities.PHANTOMJS)
dcap["phantomjs.page.settings.userAgent"] = (
    "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.9; rv:25.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/25.0 "
)
driver = webdriver.PhantomJS(executable_path='./phantomjs', desired_capabilities=dcap)

也可通过添加以下代码观察是否成功：

agent = browser.execute_script("return navigator.userAgent")
print agent

设置好后，就可以访问了。通过Selenium可以非常方便的渲染出所需的页面。