需要在/etc/yum.repos.d目录创建mariadb.repo文件。
# MariaDB 5.5 CentOS repository list - created 2014-03-04 11:20 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/5.5/centos6-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
注意：baseurl 中的地址是X64（64位）系统使用的，如果是i686（32位），则应将baseurl中的地址改为http://yum.mariadb.org/5.5/centos6-x86/。
更新新添加的yum源，使得可以安装mariadb。
[root@xia mysql]# yum update
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Update Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* atomic: www6.atomicorp.com
* base: mirror.chpc.utah.edu
* epel: linux.mirrors.es.net
* extras: reflector.westga.edu
* updates: repos.forethought.net
mariadb | 2.9 kB 00:00
mariadb/primary_db | 19 kB 00:00
No Packages marked for Update
[root@xia mysql]# yum install MariaDB-server MariaDB-client
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* atomic: www6.atomicorp.com
* base: mirror.chpc.utah.edu
* epel: linux.mirrors.es.net
* extras: reflector.westga.edu
* updates: repos.forethought.net
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package MariaDB-client.i686 0:5.5.47-1.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: MariaDB-common for package: MariaDB-client-5.5.47-1.el6.i686
---> Package MariaDB-server.i686 0:5.5.47-1.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4) for package: MariaDB-server-5.5.47-1.el6.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1) for package: MariaDB-server-5.5.47-1.el6.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1 for package: MariaDB-server-5.5.47-1.el6.i686
--> Processing Dependency: perl(DBI) for package: MariaDB-server-5.5.47-1.el6.i686
--> Running transaction check
---> Package MariaDB-common.i686 0:5.5.47-1.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: MariaDB-compat for package: MariaDB-common-5.5.47-1.el6.i686
---> Package libaio.i686 0:0.3.107-10.el6 will be installed
---> Package perl-DBI.i686 0:1.609-4.el6 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package MariaDB-compat.i686 0:5.5.47-1.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
MariaDB-client i686 5.5.47-1.el6 mariadb 9.9 M
MariaDB-server i686 5.5.47-1.el6 mariadb 33 M
Installing for dependencies:
MariaDB-common i686 5.5.47-1.el6 mariadb 23 k
MariaDB-compat i686 5.5.47-1.el6 mariadb 2.6 M
libaio i686 0.3.107-10.el6 base 21 k
perl-DBI i686 1.609-4.el6 base 705 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 6 Package(s)
Total download size: 46 M
Installed size: 178 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/6): MariaDB-5.5.47-centos6-i686-client.rpm | 9.9 MB 00:01
(2/6): MariaDB-5.5.47-centos6-i686-common.rpm | 23 kB 00:00
(3/6): MariaDB-5.5.47-centos6-i686-compat.rpm | 2.6 MB 00:00
(4/6): MariaDB-5.5.47-centos6-i686-server.rpm | 33 MB 00:01
(5/6): libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686.rpm | 21 kB 00:00
(6/6): perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.i686.rpm | 705 kB 00:00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 12 MB/s | 46 MB 00:03
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 1bb943db: NOKEY
Retrieving key from https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
Importing GPG key 0x1BB943DB:
Userid: "MariaDB Package Signing Key <package-signing-key@mariadb.org>"
From : https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : MariaDB-common-5.5.47-1.el6.i686 1/6
Installing : MariaDB-compat-5.5.47-1.el6.i686 2/6
Installing : MariaDB-client-5.5.47-1.el6.i686 3/6
Installing : libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686 4/6
Installing : perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.i686 5/6
Installing : MariaDB-server-5.5.47-1.el6.i686 6/6
chown: cannot access `/var/lib/mysql': No such file or directory
160131 22:00:59 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.47-MariaDB) starting as process 14907 ...
160131 22:00:59 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.47-MariaDB) starting as process 14915 ...
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MariaDB root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
'/usr/bin/mysqladmin' -u root password 'new-password'
'/usr/bin/mysqladmin' -u root -h xia.bestzhou.us password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run:
'/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation'
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the MariaDB Knowledgebase at http://mariadb.com/kb or the
MySQL manual for more instructions.
Please report any problems at http://mariadb.org/jira
The latest information about MariaDB is available at http://mariadb.org/.
You can find additional information about the MySQL part at:
http://dev.mysql.com
Support MariaDB development by buying support/new features from MariaDB
Corporation Ab. You can contact us about this at sales@mariadb.com.
Alternatively consider joining our community based development effort:
http://mariadb.com/kb/en/contributing-to-the-mariadb-project/
Verifying : MariaDB-compat-5.5.47-1.el6.i686 1/6
Verifying : MariaDB-server-5.5.47-1.el6.i686 2/6
Verifying : MariaDB-common-5.5.47-1.el6.i686 3/6
Verifying : perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.i686 4/6
Verifying : MariaDB-client-5.5.47-1.el6.i686 5/6
Verifying : libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686 6/6
Installed:
MariaDB-client.i686 0:5.5.47-1.el6 MariaDB-server.i686 0:5.5.47-1.el6
Dependency Installed:
MariaDB-common.i686 0:5.5.47-1.el6 MariaDB-compat.i686 0:5.5.47-1.el6
libaio.i686 0:0.3.107-10.el6 perl-DBI.i686 0:1.609-4.el6
Complete!
[root@xia mysql]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
[root@xia yum.repos.d]# mysql_secure_installation
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation: line 379: find_mysql_client: command not found
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] Y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y
... Success!
By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MariaDB!
因为数据库的优化是根据数据库的运行状况，内存使用情况等各方面，综合性的调优数据库，在这里，我们只能稍作小小优化，提高运行效率，降低内存占用。
配置文件: /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf
#
# These groups are read by MariaDB server.
# Use it for options that only the server (but not clients) should see
#
# See the examples of server my.cnf files in /usr/share/mysql/
#
# this is read by the standalone daemon and embedded servers
[server]
# this is only for the mysqld standalone daemon
[mysqld]
general_log_file = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log
general_log = 1
log_warnings = 2
log_output = table,file
log-error = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log
character-set-server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
slow_query_log=1
slow_query_log_file=/var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log
long_query_time=1
skip-innodb
default-storage-engine=MYISAM
wait_timeout=60
connect_timeout=10
interactive_timeout=120
expire_logs_days = 10
key_buffer_size = 8M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 128
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 4M
query_cache_size = 8M
thread_cache_size = 4
lower_case_table_names=1
#
# * Galera-related settings
#
[galera]
# Mandatory settings
#wsrep_provider=
#wsrep_cluster_address=
#binlog_format=row
#default_storage_engine=InnoDB
#innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2
#bind-address=0.0.0.0
#
# Optional setting
#wsrep_slave_threads=1
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0
# this is only for embedded server
[embedded]
# This group is only read by MariaDB-5.5 servers.
# If you use the same .cnf file for MariaDB of different versions,
# use this group for options that older servers don't understand
[mysqld-5.5]
# These two groups are only read by MariaDB servers, not by MySQL.
# If you use the same .cnf file for MySQL and MariaDB,
# you can put MariaDB-only options here
[mariadb]
[mariadb-5.5]
改完后，记得重启mysql服务。在我这边，我选择一个客户服务器上内存的使用大概是220M左右，WEB应用是企业CMS，运行状况良好。