ssć˜ŻSocket Statistics的矊写。饞ĺć€äš‰ďźŒss命䝤ĺŻäťĽç”¨ćĽčގĺ–socketçťŸčŽĄäżĄćŻďźŒĺŽƒĺŻäťĽć˜žç¤şĺ’Œnetstat繝䟟的内厚。但ssçš„äź˜ĺŠżĺœ¨äşŽĺŽƒčƒ˝ĺ¤Ÿć˜žç¤şć›´ĺ¤šć›´čŻŚçť†çš„ćœ‰ĺ…łTCPĺ’ŒčżžćŽĽçŠść€çš„俥ćŻďźŒč€Œä¸”比netstatć›´ĺżŤé€Ÿć›´éŤ˜ć•ˆă€‚
当ćœĺŠĄĺ™¨çš„socket连掼数é‡ĺ˜ĺž—éžĺ¸¸ĺ¤§ć—śďźŒć— čŽşć˜Żä˝żç”¨netstatĺ‘˝äť¤čż˜ć˜Żç›´ćŽĽcat /proc/net/tcpďźŒć‰§čĄŒé€ŸĺşŚéƒ˝äźšĺžˆć…˘ă€‚ĺŻčƒ˝ä˝ ä¸äźšćœ‰ĺˆ‡čşŤçš„ć„Ÿĺ—ďźŒä˝†čŻˇç›¸äżĄćˆ‘ďźŒĺ˝“ćœĺŠĄĺ™¨çť´ćŒçš„čżžćŽĽčžžĺˆ°ä¸Šä¸‡ä¸Şçš„ć—śĺ€™ďźŒä˝żç”¨netstatç‰äşŽćľŞč´šÂ ç”Ÿĺ‘˝ďźŒč€Œç”¨ssć‰ć˜ŻčŠ‚çœć—śé—´ă€‚
夊下ćŚĺŠŸĺ”ŻĺżŤä¸ç ´ă€‚ssĺżŤçš„ç§˜čŻ€ĺœ¨äşŽďźŒĺŽƒĺˆŠç”¨ĺˆ°äş†TCPĺčŽŽć ˆä¸tcp_diag。tcp_diagć˜Żä¸€ä¸Şç”¨äşŽĺˆ†ćžçťŸčŽĄçš„ć¨Ąĺ—ďźŒĺŻäťĽčŽˇĺž—LinuxÂ ĺ†…ć ¸ä¸çŹŹä¸€ć‰‹çš„äżĄćŻďźŒčż™ĺ°ąçĄŽäżäş†ss的忍ćˇéŤ˜ć•ˆă€‚ĺ˝“ç„śďźŒĺŚ‚ćžœä˝ çš„çłťçťŸä¸ć˛Ąćœ‰tcp_diagďźŒss䚟ĺŻäťĽćŁĺ¸¸čżčĄŒďźŒĺŞć˜Żć•ˆçŽ‡äźšĺ˜ĺž—ç¨ć…˘ă€‚ďźˆä˝†äťç„śćŻ”Â netstatčŚĺżŤă€‚
1.ĺ‘˝äť¤ć źĺź:
ss [ĺ‚ć•°] ss [ĺ‚ć•°] [过杤]
2.ĺ‘˝äť¤ĺŠŸčƒ˝ďźš
ss(Socket Statistics的矊写)命䝤ĺŻäťĽç”¨ćĽčގĺ– socketçťŸčŽĄäżĄćŻďźŒć¤ĺ‘˝äť¤čž“ĺ‡şçš„çť“ćžœçąťäźźäşŽÂ netstatčž“ĺ‡şçš„ĺ†…ĺŽšďźŒä˝†ĺŽƒčƒ˝ć˜žç¤şć›´ĺ¤šć›´čŻŚçť†çš„Â TCP连掼犜ć€çš„俥ćŻďźŒä¸”比 netstatÂ ć›´ĺżŤé€ŸéŤ˜ć•ˆă€‚ĺŽƒä˝żç”¨äş†Â TCPĺčŽŽć ˆä¸Â tcp_diagďźˆć˜Żä¸€ä¸Şç”¨äşŽĺˆ†ćžçťŸčŽĄçš„ć¨Ąĺ—ďź‰ďźŒčƒ˝ç›´ćŽĽäťŽčŽˇĺž—çŹŹä¸€ć‰‹ĺ†…ć ¸äżĄćŻďźŒčż™ĺ°ąä˝żĺž— ss命䝤忍ćˇéŤ˜ć•ˆă€‚ĺœ¨ć˛Ąćœ‰Â tcp_diagďźŒss䚟ĺŻäťĽćŁĺ¸¸čżčĄŒă€‚
3.命䝤ĺ‚ć•°ďźš
-h, --help ĺ¸ŽĺŠŠäżĄćŻ -V, --version 程ĺşç‰ˆćœŹäżĄćŻ -n, --numeric ä¸č§ŁćžćœĺŠĄĺç§° -r, --resolve        解ćžä¸ťćœşĺ -a, --all ć˜žç¤şć‰€ćœ‰ĺĽ—ćŽĽĺ—ďźˆsockets -l, --listening ć˜žç¤şç›‘ĺŹçŠść€çš„弗掼ĺ—ďźˆsockets -o, --optionsÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â ć˜žç¤şčŽĄć—śĺ™¨äżĄćŻ -e, --extendedÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â ć˜žç¤şčŻŚçť†çš„ĺĽ—ćŽĽĺ—ďźˆsocketsďź‰äżĄćŻ -m, --memoryÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â ć˜žç¤şĺĽ—ćŽĽĺ—ďźˆsocket的内ĺ˜ä˝żç”¨ćƒ…冾 -p, --processes ć˜žç¤şä˝żç”¨ĺĽ—ćŽĽĺ—ďźˆsocket的进程 -i, --info ć˜žç¤şÂ TCPĺ†…éƒ¨äżĄćŻ -s, --summary ć˜žç¤şĺĽ—ćŽĽĺ—ďźˆsocket使用挂冾 -4, --ipv4Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â äť…ć˜žç¤şIPv4的弗掼ĺ—ďźˆsockets -6, --ipv6Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â äť…ć˜žç¤şIPv6的弗掼ĺ—ďźˆsockets -0, --packet Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â ć˜žç¤şÂ PACKET 弗掼ĺ—ďźˆsocket -t, --tcp äť…ć˜žç¤şÂ TCP弗掼ĺ—ďźˆsockets -u, --udp äť…ć˜žç¤şÂ UCP弗掼ĺ—ďźˆsockets -d, --dccp äť…ć˜žç¤şÂ DCCP弗掼ĺ—ďźˆsockets -w, --raw äť…ć˜žç¤şÂ RAW弗掼ĺ—ďźˆsockets -x, --unix äť…ć˜žç¤şÂ Unix弗掼ĺ—ďźˆsockets -f, --family=FAMILYÂ Â ć˜žç¤şÂ FAMILY繝型的弗掼ĺ—ďźˆsocketsďź‰ďźŒFAMILYĺŻé€‰ďźŒć”ŻćŒÂ  unix, inet, inet6, link, netlink -A, --query=QUERY, --socket=QUERY       QUERY := {all|inet|tcp|udp|raw|unix|packet|netlink}[,QUERY] -D, --diag=FILEÂ Â Â Â Â ĺ°†ĺŽŸĺ§‹TCP弗掼ĺ—ďźˆsockets俥ćŻč˝Źĺ‚¨ĺˆ°ć–‡äťś  -F, --filter=FILE   䝎文䝜ä¸éƒ˝ĺŽťčż‡ćť¤ĺ™¨äżĄćŻ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â FILTER := [ state TCP-STATE ] [ EXPRESSION ]
4.使用厞䞋
厞䞋1ďźšć˜žç¤şTCP连掼
命䝤
ss -t -a
螓出
[root@localhost ~]# ss -t -a State      Recv-Q Send-Q                                Local Address:Port                                    Peer Address:Port LISTEN     0      0                                         127.0.0.1:smux                                               *:* LISTEN     0      0                                                 *:3690                                               *:* LISTEN     0      0                                                 *:ssh                                                *:* ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.120.204:ssh                                        10.2.0.68:49368 [root@localhost ~]#
čŻ´ć˜Žďźš
厞䞋2ďźšć˜žç¤şÂ SocketsÂ ć‘˜čŚ
命䝤
ss -s
螓出
[root@localhost ~]# ss -s Total: 34 (kernel 48) TCP:   4 (estab 1, closed 0, orphaned 0, synrecv 0, timewait 0/0), ports 3 Transport Total     IP        IPv6 *         48        -         - RAW       0         0         0 UDP       5         5         0 TCP       4         4         0 INET      9         9         0 FRAG      0         0         0 [root@localhost ~]#
čŻ´ć˜Žďźš
ĺˆ—ĺ‡şĺ˝“ĺ‰çš„established, closed, orphaned and waiting TCP sockets
厞䞋3ďźšĺˆ—ĺ‡şć‰€ćœ‰ć‰“ĺź€çš„ç˝‘çťœčżžćŽĽçŤŻĺŁ
命䝤
ss -l
螓出
[root@localhost ~]# ss -l Recv-Q Send-Q                                     Local Address:Port                                         Peer Address:Port 0      0                                              127.0.0.1:smux                                                    *:* 0      0                                                      *:3690                                                    *:* 0      0                                                      *:ssh                                                     *:* [root@localhost ~]#
čŻ´ć˜Žďźš
厞䞋4ďźšćŸĽçœ‹čż›ç¨‹ä˝żç”¨çš„socket
命䝤
ss -pl
螓出
[root@localhost ~]# ss -pl Recv-Q Send-Q                                     Local Address:Port                                         Peer Address:Port 0      0                                              127.0.0.1:smux                                                    *:*        users:(("snmpd",2716,8)) 0      0                                                      *:3690                                                    *:*        users:(("svnserve",3590,3)) 0      0                                                      *:ssh                                                     *:*        users:(("sshd",2735,3)) [root@localhost ~]#
čŻ´ć˜Žďźš
厞䞋5扞出打埀弗掼ĺ—/獯ĺŁĺş”用程ĺş
命䝤
ss -lp | grep 3306
螓出
[root@localhost ~]# ss -lp|grep 1935 0      0                            *:1935                          *:*        users:(("fmsedge",2913,18)) 0      0                    127.0.0.1:19350                         *:*        users:(("fmsedge",2913,17)) [root@localhost ~]# ss -lp|grep 3306 0      0                            *:3306                          *:*        users:(("mysqld",2871,10)) [root@localhost ~]#
čŻ´ć˜Žďźš
厞䞋6ďźšć˜žç¤şć‰€ćœ‰UDP Sockets
命䝤
ss -u -a
螓出
[root@localhost ~]# ss -u -a State      Recv-Q Send-Q                                Local Address:Port                                    Peer Address:Port UNCONN     0      0                                         127.0.0.1:syslog                                             *:* UNCONN     0      0                                                 *:snmp                                               *:* ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.120.203:39641                                  10.58.119.119:domain [root@localhost ~]#
čŻ´ć˜Žďźš
厞䞋7ďźšć˜žç¤şć‰€ćœ‰çŠść€ä¸şestablishedçš„SMTP连掼
命䝤
ss -o state established '( dport = :smtp or sport = :smtp )'
螓出
[root@localhost ~]# ss -o state established '( dport = :smtp or sport = :smtp )' Recv-Q Send-Q                                     Local Address:Port                                         Peer Address:Port [root@localhost ~]#
čŻ´ć˜Žďźš
厞䞋8ďźšć˜žç¤şć‰€ćœ‰çŠść€ä¸şEstablishedçš„HTTP连掼
命䝤
ss -o state established '( dport = :http or sport = :http )'
螓出
[root@localhost ~]# ss -o state established '( dport = :http or sport = :http )' Recv-Q Send-Q                                     Local Address:Port                                         Peer Address:Port 0      0                                              75.126.153.214:2164                                        192.168.10.42:http [root@localhost ~]#
čŻ´ć˜Žďźš
厞䞋9ďźšĺˆ—ä¸žĺ‡şĺ¤„äşŽÂ FIN-WAIT-1犜ć€çš„ćşçŤŻĺŁä¸şÂ 80ćˆ–č€…Â 443ďźŒç›Žć ‡ç˝‘çťœä¸şÂ 193.233.7/24ć‰€ćœ‰Â tcp弗掼ĺ—
命䝤
ss -o state fin-wait-1 '( sport = :http or sport = :https )' dst 193.233.7/24
螓出
čŻ´ć˜Žďźš
厞䞋10用TCP 犜ć€čż‡ćť¤Sockets:
命䝤
ss -4 state FILTER-NAME-HERE ss -6 state FILTER-NAME-HERE
螓出
[root@localhost ~]#ss -4 state closing Recv-Q Send-Q                                                  Local Address:Port                                                      Peer Address:Port 1      11094                                                  75.126.153.214:http                                                      192.168.10.42:4669
čŻ´ć˜Žďźš
FILTER-NAME-HERE ĺŻäťĽäťŁčĄ¨äťĽä¸‹äťťä˝•一个 established syn-sent syn-recv fin-wait-1 fin-wait-2 time-wait closed close-wait last-ack listen closing all :Â ć‰€ćœ‰äťĽä¸ŠçŠść€ connected : 除了listen and closedçš„ć‰€ćœ‰çŠść€ synchronized :ć‰€ćœ‰ĺˇ˛čżžćŽĽçš„çŠść€é™¤äş†syn-sent bucket :Â ć˜žç¤şçŠść€ä¸şmaintained as minisockets,匂time-waitĺ’Œsyn-recv. big :Â ĺ’Œbucket相ĺ.
厞䞋11ďźšĺŒšé…čżœç¨‹ĺœ°ĺ€ĺ’ŒçŤŻĺŁĺˇ
命䝤
ss dst ADDRESS_PATTERN ss dst 192.168.1.5 ss dst 192.168.119.113:http ss dst 192.168.119.113:smtp ss dst 192.168.119.113:443
螓出
[root@localhost ~]# ss dst 192.168.119.113 State      Recv-Q Send-Q                                Local Address:Port                                    Peer Address:Port ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16014                                192.168.119.113:20229 ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16014                                192.168.119.113:61056 ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16014                                192.168.119.113:61623 ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16014                                192.168.119.113:60924 ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16050                                192.168.119.113:43701 ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16073                                192.168.119.113:32930 ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16073                                192.168.119.113:49318 ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16014                                192.168.119.113:3844 [root@localhost ~]# ss dst 192.168.119.113:http State      Recv-Q Send-Q                                Local Address:Port                                    Peer Address:Port [root@localhost ~]# ss dst 192.168.119.113:3844 State      Recv-Q Send-Q                                Local Address:Port                                    Peer Address:Port ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16014                                192.168.119.113:3844 [root@localhost ~]#
čŻ´ć˜Žďźš
厞䞋12ďźšĺŒšé…ćœŹĺœ°ĺœ°ĺ€ĺ’ŒçŤŻĺŁĺˇ
命䝤
ss src ADDRESS_PATTERN ss src 192.168.119.103 ss src 192.168.119.103:http ss src 192.168.119.103:80 ss src 192.168.119.103:smtp ss src 192.168.119.103:25
螓出
[root@localhost ~]# ss src 192.168.119.103:16021 State      Recv-Q Send-Q                                Local Address:Port                                    Peer Address:Port ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16021                                192.168.119.201:63054 ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16021                                192.168.119.201:62894 ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16021                                192.168.119.201:63055 ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16021                                192.168.119.201:2274 ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16021                                192.168.119.201:44784 ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16021                                192.168.119.201:7233 ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16021                                192.168.119.103:58660 ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16021                                192.168.119.201:44822 ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16021                                     10.2.1.206:56737 ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16021                                     10.2.1.206:57487 ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16021                                     10.2.1.206:56736 ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16021                                     10.2.1.206:64652 ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16021                                     10.2.1.206:56586 ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16021                                     10.2.1.206:64653 ESTAB      0      0                                   192.168.119.103:16021                                     10.2.1.206:56587 [root@localhost ~]#
čŻ´ć˜Žďźš
厞䞋13ďźšĺ°†ćœŹĺœ°ćˆ–č€…čżœç¨‹çŤŻĺŁĺ’Œä¸€ä¸Şć•°ćŻ”čžƒ
命䝤
ss dport OP PORT ss sport OP PORT
螓出
[root@localhost ~]# ss  sport = :http [root@localhost ~]# ss  dport = :http [root@localhost ~]# ss  dport \> :1024 [root@localhost ~]# ss  sport \> :1024 [root@localhost ~]# ss sport \< :32000 [root@localhost ~]# ss  sport eq :22 [root@localhost ~]# ss  dport != :22 [root@localhost ~]# ss  state connected sport = :http [root@localhost ~]# ssÂ[root@localhost ~]# ss -o state fin-wait-1Â
 dst 192.168.1/24
čŻ´ć˜Žďźš
ss dport OP PORTÂ čżœç¨‹çŤŻĺŁĺ’Œä¸€ä¸Şć•°ćŻ”čžƒďź›ss sport OP PORTÂ ćœŹĺœ°çŤŻĺŁĺ’Œä¸€ä¸Şć•°ćŻ”čžƒă€‚ OP ĺŻäťĽäťŁčĄ¨äťĽä¸‹äťťć„一个: <= or le : ĺ°äşŽćˆ–ç‰äşŽçŤŻĺŁĺˇ >= or ge :Â ĺ¤§äşŽćˆ–ç‰äşŽçŤŻĺŁĺˇ == or eq : ç‰äşŽçŤŻĺŁĺˇ != or ne : ä¸ç‰äşŽçŤŻĺŁĺˇ < or gt : ĺ°äşŽçŤŻĺŁĺˇ > or lt : 大于獯ĺŁĺˇ
厞䞋14ďźšssÂ ĺ’ŒÂ netstatÂ ć•ˆçŽ‡ĺŻšćŻ”
命䝤
time netstat -at time ss
螓出
[root@localhost ~]# time ss real    0m0.739s user    0m0.019s sys     0m0.013s [root@localhost ~]# [root@localhost ~]# time netstat -at real    2m45.907s user    0m0.063s sys     0m0.067s [root@localhost ~]#
čŻ´ć˜Žďźš
用timeÂ ĺ‘˝äť¤ĺˆ†ĺˆŤčŽˇĺ–通过netstatĺ’Œss命䝤莡ĺ–程ĺşĺ’ŒćŚ‚čŚĺ 用辄ćşć‰€ä˝żç”¨çš„ć—śé—´ă€‚ĺœ¨ćœĺŠĄĺ™¨čżžćŽĽć•°ćŻ”čžƒĺ¤šçš„ć—śĺ€™ďźŒnetstatçš„ć•ˆçŽ‡ĺŽŒĺ…¨ć˛Ąćł•ĺ’Œss比。
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸ŞÂ Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ1ls命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ2cd命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ3pwd命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ4mkdir命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ5rm 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ6rmdir 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ7mv命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ8cp 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ9touch 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ10cat 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ11nl 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ12more 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ13less 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ14head 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ15tail 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ16which命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ17whereis 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ18locate 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ19find ĺ‘˝äť¤ćŚ‚č§ˆ
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ20find命䝤䚋exec
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ21find命䝤䚋xargs
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ22find 命䝤的ĺ‚数诌解
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ23Linux 盎录睓构
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ24Linux 文䝜繝型与扊幕ĺ
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ25Linux 文䝜幞性诌解
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ26用 SecureCRT ćĽä¸Šäź ĺ’Œä¸‹č˝˝ć–‡äťś
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ27linux chmod 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ28tar 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ29: chgrp 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ30: chown 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ31: /etc/group 文䝜诌解
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ32gzip 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ33df 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ34 du 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ35 ln 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ36 diff 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ37 date 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ38 cal 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ39 grep 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ40 wc 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ41 ps 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ44 top 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ45 free 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ46 vmstat 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ47 iostat 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ48 watch 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ49 at 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ50 crontab 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ51 lsof 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ52 ifconfig 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ53 route 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ54 ping 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ55 traceroute 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ56 netstat 命䝤
ćŻĺ¤Šä¸€ä¸Ş Linux ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźˆ57 ss ĺ‘˝äť¤ďźŒéŚ–ĺ‘äşŽć–‡çŤ - 䟯äšĺœ¨çşżă€‚