数据库服务器异常断电，数据库启动报ORA-01113 ORA-01110错误,无法正常open

Sun Jan 01 17:02:55 2023
alter database mount exclusive
Successful mount of redo thread 1, with mount id 1652739647
Database mounted in Exclusive Mode
Lost write protection disabled
Completed: alter database mount exclusive
alter database open
Errors in file e:\oracle11g\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_ora_4396.trc:
ORA-01113: file 1 needs media recovery
ORA-01110: data file 1: 'E:\ORACLE11G\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSTEM01.DBF'
ORA-1113 signalled during: alter database open...

offline datafile 4，并open数据库

Sun Jan 01 20:36:22 2023
alter database datafile 4 offline drop
Completed: alter database datafile 4 offline drop

Sun Jan 01 20:37:40 2023
ALTER DATABASE OPEN
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 13068
  Current log# 3 seq# 13068 mem# 0: E:\ORACLE11G\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO03.LOG
Successful open of redo thread 1
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 2.
Verifying file header compatibility for 11g tablespace encryption..
Verifying 11g file header compatibility for tablespace encryption completed
SMON: enabling tx recovery
Database Characterset is ZHS16GBK
No Resource Manager plan active
WARNING: AQ_TM_PROCESSES is set to 0. System operation                     might be adversely affected.
Completed: ALTER DATABASE OPEN

尝试recover datafile 4和online datafile 4失败

Sun Jan 01 22:33:19 2023
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  datafile 4  
Media Recovery Start
Serial Media Recovery started
WARNING! Recovering data file 4 from a fuzzy backup. It might be an online
backup taken without entering the begin backup command.
ORA-279 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  datafile 4  ...
Sun Jan 01 22:34:02 2023
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER    CONTINUE DEFAULT  
Media Recovery Log E:\ORACLE11G\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORCL\ARCHIVELOG\2023_01_01\O1_MF_1_13067_%U_.ARC
Errors with log E:\ORACLE11G\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORCL\ARCHIVELOG\2023_01_01\O1_MF_1_13067_%U_.ARC
ORA-308 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER    CONTINUE DEFAULT  ...
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER CANCEL 
Media Recovery Canceled
Completed: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER CANCEL 
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  datafile 4  
Media Recovery Start
Serial Media Recovery started
WARNING! Recovering data file 4 from a fuzzy backup. It might be an online
backup taken without entering the begin backup command.
ORA-279 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  datafile 4  ...
Sun Jan 01 22:34:15 2023
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER    CONTINUE DEFAULT  
Media Recovery Log E:\ORACLE11G\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORCL\ARCHIVELOG\2023_01_01\O1_MF_1_13067_%U_.ARC
Errors with log E:\ORACLE11G\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORCL\ARCHIVELOG\2023_01_01\O1_MF_1_13067_%U_.ARC
ORA-308 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER    CONTINUE DEFAULT  ...
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER    CONTINUE DEFAULT  
Media Recovery Log E:\ORACLE11G\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORCL\ARCHIVELOG\2023_01_01\O1_MF_1_13067_%U_.ARC
Errors with log E:\ORACLE11G\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORCL\ARCHIVELOG\2023_01_01\O1_MF_1_13067_%U_.ARC
ORA-308 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER    CONTINUE DEFAULT  ...
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER CANCEL 
Media Recovery Canceled
Completed: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER CANCEL 
Sun Jan 01 22:36:34 2023
alter database datafile 4 online
ORA-1113 signalled during: alter database datafile 4 online

在datafile 4 offline的情况下，resetlogs库

Sun Jan 01 23:50:01 2023
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database until cancel  
Media Recovery Start
 started logmerger process
Parallel Media Recovery started with 56 slaves
Sun Jan 01 23:50:02 2023
Warning: Datafile 4 (E:\ORACLE11G\ORADATA\ORCL\USERS01.DBF) 
    is offline during full database recovery and will not be recovered
Media Recovery Not Required
Completed: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database until cancel  
Sun Jan 01 23:50:15 2023
alter database open
Errors in file e:\oracle11g\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_ora_2480.trc:
ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open
ORA-1589 signalled during: alter database open...
Sun Jan 01 23:50:34 2023
alter database open RESETLOGS
RESETLOGS after complete recovery through change 158902238
Resetting resetlogs activation ID 1504008459 (0x59a5590b)
Errors in file e:\oracle11g\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_ora_2480.trc:
ORA-00367: checksum error in log file header
ORA-00322: log 1 of thread 1 is not current copy
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: 'E:\ORACLE11G\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO01.LOG'
Errors in file e:\oracle11g\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_ora_2480.trc:
ORA-00367: checksum error in log file header
ORA-00322: log 2 of thread 1 is not current copy
ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1: 'E:\ORACLE11G\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO02.LOG'
Sun Jan 01 23:50:36 2023
Errors in file e:\oracle11g\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_m000_8340.trc:
ORA-00316: log 1 of thread 1, type 0 in header is not log file
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: 'E:\ORACLE11G\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO01.LOG'
Errors in file e:\oracle11g\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_ora_2480.trc:
ORA-00367: checksum error in log file header
ORA-00322: log 3 of thread 1 is not current copy
ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1: 'E:\ORACLE11G\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO03.LOG'
Sun Jan 01 23:50:38 2023
Setting recovery target incarnation to 3
Errors in file e:\oracle11g\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_m000_8340.trc:
ORA-00314: log 2 of thread 1, expected sequence# 13070 doesn't match 0
ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1: 'E:\ORACLE11G\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO02.LOG'
Sun Jan 01 23:50:39 2023
Assigning activation ID 1652808490 (0x6283db2a)
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 1
  Current log# 1 seq# 1 mem# 0: E:\ORACLE11G\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO01.LOG
Successful open of redo thread 1
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
Sun Jan 01 23:50:39 2023
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Checker run found 5 new persistent data failures
Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 2.
Dictionary check beginning
File #4 is offline, but is part of an online tablespace.
data file 4: 'E:\ORACLE11G\ORADATA\ORCL\USERS01.DBF'
Dictionary check complete
Verifying file header compatibility for 11g tablespace encryption..
Verifying 11g file header compatibility for tablespace encryption completed
SMON: enabling tx recovery
Database Characterset is ZHS16GBK
No Resource Manager plan active
WARNING: AQ_TM_PROCESSES is set to 0. System operation                     might be adversely affected.
LOGSTDBY: Validating controlfile with logical metadata
LOGSTDBY: Validation complete
Sun Jan 01 23:50:47 2023
Completed: alter database open RESETLOGS

后续尝试恢复datafile 4报ORA-19909

Mon Jan 02 00:02:10 2023
alter database datafile 4 online
Completed: alter database datafile 4 online
Mon Jan 02 00:03:31 2023
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database using backup controlfile  
Media Recovery Start
 started logmerger process
Mon Jan 02 00:03:31 2023
Datafile 4 is on orphaned branch
          File status = 4
        Abs fuzzy SCN = 0
 Hot backup fuzzy SCN = 0
Media Recovery failed with error 19909
Slave exiting with ORA-283 exception
Errors in file e:\oracle11g\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_pr00_8868.trc:
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-19909: datafile 4 belongs to an orphan incarnation
ORA-01110: data file 4: 'E:\ORACLE11G\ORADATA\ORCL\USERS01.DBF'
Recovery Slave PR00 previously exited with exception 283
ORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database using backup controlfile  ...

通过Oracle Database Recovery Check检查发现,确实datafile 4的状态为:WRONG RESETLOGS

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对于此类情况,参考：Oracle Recovery Tools 解决ORA-01190 ORA-01248等故障快速解决

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ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database  
Media Recovery Start
 started logmerger process
Mon Jan 02 16:14:15 2023
Media Recovery failed with error 264
Slave exiting with ORA-283 exception
Errors in file e:\oracle11g\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_pr00_10712.trc:
ORA-00283: 恢复会话因错误而取消
ORA-00264: 不要求恢复
Recovery Slave PR00 previously exited with exception 283
ORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database  ...
Mon Jan 02 16:14:29 2023
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database  
Media Recovery Start
 started logmerger process
Mon Jan 02 16:14:29 2023
Media Recovery failed with error 264
Slave exiting with ORA-283 exception
Errors in file e:\oracle11g\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_pr00_20032.trc:
ORA-00283: 恢复会话因错误而取消
ORA-00264: 不要求恢复
Recovery Slave PR00 previously exited with exception 283
ORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database  ...
alter database open
Mon Jan 02 16:14:37 2023
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 2 (thread open)
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 2
  Current log# 2 seq# 2 mem# 0: H:\BAIDUNETDISK\ORCL\REDO02.LOG
Successful open of redo thread 1
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
Mon Jan 02 16:14:37 2023
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 2.
Dictionary check beginning
Tablespace 'TEMP' #3 found in data dictionary,
but not in the controlfile. Adding to controlfile.
Dictionary check complete
Verifying file header compatibility for 11g tablespace encryption..
Verifying 11g file header compatibility for tablespace encryption completed
*********************************************************************
WARNING: The following temporary tablespaces contain no files.
         This condition can occur when a backup controlfile has
         been restored.  It may be necessary to add files to these
         tablespaces.  That can be done using the SQL statement:
 
         ALTER TABLESPACE <tablespace_name> ADD TEMPFILE
 
         Alternatively, if these temporary tablespaces are no longer
         needed, then they can be dropped.
           Empty temporary tablespace: TEMP
*********************************************************************
Database Characterset is ZHS16GBK
No Resource Manager plan active
replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found)
Starting background process QMNC
Mon Jan 02 16:14:37 2023
QMNC started with pid=22, OS id=14152 
LOGSTDBY: Validating controlfile with logical metadata
LOGSTDBY: Validation complete
Completed: alter database open

后续增加tempfile,导出数据完成本次恢复