滚轮选择器扩展 - 角度选择器
bt发表于 2023-07-24 11:13:00
上一篇实现了竖向的滚轮选择器，造轮子：滚轮选择器实现及原理解析(一)
基于此，本篇我们实现一个横向的角度选择器，原理相同
先看效果
功能拆分
- 滚动方向调整为横向
- 需要显示刻度，且特定位置的刻度加粗加长，并显示对应数字
- 中心位置显示当前选中刻度的值，且会遮挡住刻度
- 刻度整体需要有渐变效果，越靠近两边透明度越低，越靠近中心透明度也越低
实现步骤
这里只考虑思路与实现逻辑，及原竖向逻辑的可扩展性，没有封装
如果有感兴趣的可以基于我的代码二次封装
调整方向
这个很简单了，就是手动工作量的问题
将所有涉及X,Y相关的命名及赋值的地方互换，width与height互换即可，完成后可以看到直接变成了横向滚动
逻辑完全相同，只是涉及变量的处理不同
刻度调整
理论上指针指到任意刻度都可悬停并返回对应值，也就是说刻度是真实存在的数据，只是部分刻度不绘制对应的值而已
接下来将itemWidth设置为5dp，并且单边可显示个数增大到50，得到以下的效果，注意需要替换原本绘制文本的逻辑为绘制方块
// 在原本绘制文本的地方改为绘制宽6高8的方块
canvas.drawRect(width /2f -3, height/2f - 4, width/2f +3, height/2f +4, linePaint);
装点刻度
对于特定刻度需要使其变得更长，且要有文字提示
// Acitvity
// 传入的数据每隔15设置一个字串进去，当然你也可以自行构建bean对象，使用一个boolean值控制是否是刻度点
String[] data = new String[180];
for (int i = 0; i < 180; i ++) {
if (i % 15 ==0) {
data[i] = i + "";
} else {
data[i] = "";
}
}
// AnglePicker.drawItem()
if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(text)) {
// 存在文字判断为节点，刻度加长加粗
canvas.drawRect(width /2f -4, height/2f - 10, width/2f +4, height/2f +10, linePaint);
} else {
canvas.drawRect(width /2f -3, height/2f - 4, width/2f +3, height/2f +4, linePaint);
}
// 按照原逻辑绘制文本，不过不再绘制在中点了，而是向上平移个50像素使其绘制在刻度上方
canvas.translate(0, -50);
canvas.drawText(text, width / 2f - textWidth / 2f, height / 2f - (metrics.top + metrics.bottom) / 2f, paint);
当前值的绘制
中间总有个数字显示当前的刻度，且刻度到中间的时候好像就渐变消失了，先绘制当前值+箭头
protected void drawCenter(Canvas canvas, int centerPosition) {
// 绘制三角指示器,这里是demo，感兴趣的同学可以换成任意drawable进行绘制
path.reset();
path.moveTo(width / 2f - 10, height / 2f - 80);
path.lineTo(width / 2f + 10, height / 2f - 80);
path.lineTo(width / 2f , height / 2f - 50);
path.close();
linePaint.setAlpha(255);
canvas.drawPath(path, linePaint);
Paint.FontMetrics metrics = paint.getFontMetrics();
String text = "";
text = adjustingPosition(centerPosition) + "";
// 比正常文字大出1.5倍绘制
paint.setTextSize(textSize * 1.5f);
paint.setAlpha(255);
float textWidth = paint.measureText(text);
// 绘制在屏幕正中心
canvas.drawText(text, width / 2f - textWidth / 2f, height / 2f - (metrics.top + metrics.bottom) / 2f, paint);
}
重叠处理
这里中间的数字和刻度重叠了，需要简单处理下
-
重叠部分不绘制
这个很简单，大文字在靠近的时候直接不绘制即可，我这里限制距离8个刻度以内不绘制// 文字靠近中间8格以内不显示，防止重叠 if (Math.abs(position - centerPosition) > 8) { canvas.drawText(text, width / 2f - textWidth / 2f, height / 2f - (metrics.top + metrics.bottom) / 2f, paint); } -
渐变效果
刨除中间的4格区域内的刻度之外，4-10格刻度使用动态计算alpha实现渐变效果,大功告成
有了竖向的基本逻辑加持，实现一个横向的角度指示器其实很简单，只需要改改UI即可if (Math.abs(position - centerPosition) < 10) { // 距离中间最近的10个渐变变化,最中间4个不显示，其余6个等比例alpha float lineAlphaPercent = Math.max(0,Math.abs(totalOffset) - (4 * itemWidth)) / (6f * itemWidth); linePaint.setAlpha((int) (255 * lineAlphaPercent)); } else { linePaint.setAlpha((int) (255 * (minAlpha + (1 - minAlpha) * percent))); }
源码
String[] data = new String[180];
for (int i = 0; i < 180; i ++) {
if (i % 15 ==0) {
data[i] = i + "";
} else {
data[i] = "";
}
}
((AnglePicker)findViewById(R.id.picker)).setData(data);
<com.example.myapplication.picker.AnglePicker
android:id="@+id/picker"
app:pickerLoop="true"
app:pickerShowCount="50"
app:pickerAlphaMin="0.5"
app:pickerScaleMin="1"
app:pickerItemWidth="5dp"
android:textSize="16sp"
android:textColor="#ffffff"
android:background="#000000"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="150dp"/>
public class AnglePicker extends View {
/**
* 3个状态，常规，惯性滚动，滚动
*/
public static final int SCROLL_STATE_NORMAL = 0;
public static final int SCROLL_STATE_FLING = 1;
public static final int SCROLL_STATE_SCROLLING = 2;
protected Context context;
/**
* 轮盘数据源
*/
protected String[] data = new String[]{};
protected Paint paint;
/**
* 当前滚动距离
*/
protected float curX;
/**
* 每个item默认状态下的高度，item不在中心时该高度会被缩放
*/
protected int itemWidth;
/**
* 单边最大显示个数（包含中心item）
*/
protected int showCount;
/**
* 边缘item最小缩放值
*/
protected float minScale;
/**
* 边缘item最小透明度
*/
protected float minAlpha;
/**
* 是否循环显示
*/
protected boolean isLoop;
protected int textSize;
protected int width;
protected int height;
protected float lastX;
protected int scrollState;
/**
* 当前选中position
*/
protected int curPosition;
protected VelocityTracker velocityTracker = VelocityTracker.obtain();
protected Scroller scroller;
protected PickerChangeListener pickerChangeListener;
private float startX;
private long startTime;
private Paint linePaint;
private Path path;
private final ValueAnimatorManager manager;
public BasePicker(Context context) {
this(context, null);
}
public BasePicker(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
this(context, attrs, 0);
}
public BasePicker(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
this(context, attrs, defStyleAttr, 0);
}
public BasePicker(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr, int defStyleRes) {
super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr, defStyleRes);
this.context = context;
init(attrs, defStyleAttr, defStyleRes);
manager = new PickerAnimManager((key, newValue) -> {
if (TextUtils.equals(key, KEY_PICKER_ADSORB_ANIM)) {
curX = (float) newValue;
invalidate();
} else if (TextUtils.equals(key, KEY_PICKER_SCROLL_ANIM)) {
curX = adjustingX((float) newValue);
invalidate();
}
});
}
protected void init(@Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr, int defStyleRes) {
paint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
// 字重500，Medium效果
paint.setFakeBoldText(true);
scroller = new Scroller(context, new DecelerateInterpolator());
TypedArray typedArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.Picker, defStyleAttr, defStyleRes);
textSize = typedArray.getDimensionPixelOffset(R.styleable.Picker_android_textSize, 0);
itemWidth = typedArray.getDimensionPixelOffset(R.styleable.Picker_pickerItemWidth, 0);
minScale = typedArray.getFloat(R.styleable.Picker_pickerScaleMin, 0);
minAlpha = typedArray.getFloat(R.styleable.Picker_pickerAlphaMin, 0);
showCount = typedArray.getInt(R.styleable.Picker_pickerShowCount, 1);
isLoop = typedArray.getBoolean(R.styleable.Picker_pickerLoop, true);
paint.setColor(typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.Picker_android_textColor, Color.WHITE));
typedArray.recycle();
paint.setTextSize(textSize);
linePaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
linePaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
linePaint.setColor(Color.WHITE);
path = new Path();
}
@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
super.onDraw(canvas);
float x = curX;
int centerPosition = getCenterShowPosition(x);
float offsetX = adjustingX(x) - itemWidth * centerPosition;
int max = centerPosition + showCount;
// 处于正中心时使两侧显示相同个数item，非中心时下方增加1个
if (offsetX > 0f) {
max += 1;
}
for (int i = centerPosition - showCount + 1; i < max; i++) {
drawItem(canvas, i, centerPosition, offsetX);
}
drawCenter(canvas, centerPosition);
}
/**
* 获取中心点position，显示在正中心到中心上方itemWidth距离的item会被视为中心
*
* @param x 当前x滚动距离
* @return 中心点的position
*/
protected int getCenterShowPosition(float x) {
float newX = adjustingX(x);
return (int) (newX / itemWidth);
}
/**
* @param x 滚动距离Y
* @return 调整后的Y，其范围在0 ~ itemWidth * count 之间，方便计算
*/
protected float adjustingX(float x) {
float newX = x;
if (isLoop) {
while (newX < 0 || newX > getTotalX()) {
if (newX < 0) {
newX += getTotalX();
} else {
newX -= getTotalX();
}
}
} else {
// 非循环时不可滚动超出边界
newX = Math.min((data.length - 1) * itemWidth, Math.max(0, newX));
}
return newX;
}
/**
* 调整下标，防止越界
*
* @param position 下标
* @return 调整后的下标
*/
protected int adjustingPosition(int position) {
int newPosition = position;
while (newPosition < 0 || newPosition > data.length - 1) {
if (newPosition < 0) {
newPosition += data.length;
} else {
newPosition -= data.length;
}
}
return newPosition;
}
/**
* 获取理论上的X整体高度偏移，作为计算参考。
*
* @return 整体X偏移量
*/
protected float getTotalX() {
return data.length * itemWidth;
}
@Override
protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {
super.onLayout(changed, left, top, right, bottom);
width = right - left;
height = bottom - top;
}
/**
* 绘制每个item
*
* @param canvas 画布
* @param position 当前position，可能为负数
* @param centerPosition 中心item的position
* @param offsetX 中心item的偏移值
*/
protected void drawItem(Canvas canvas, int position, int centerPosition, float offsetX) {
paint.setTextSize(textSize);
// 不循环显示时忽略超出边界的部分
if (!isLoop && (position < 0 || position >= data.length)) {
return;
}
String text = data[adjustingPosition(position)];
if (text == null) {
Log.d("aaa", "aaa");
}
float textWidth = paint.measureText(text);
int count = centerPosition - position;
float totalOffset = offsetX + count * itemWidth;
float percent = 1f - Math.abs(totalOffset) / (itemWidth * showCount);
canvas.save();
// 先缩放后位移，可以使不同item的间距不同，距离中心越近间距越大
canvas.scale(minScale + (1 - minScale) * percent, minScale + (1 - minScale) * percent, width / 2f, height / 2f);
canvas.translate(-totalOffset, 0);
if (Math.abs(position - centerPosition) < 10) {
// 距离中间最近的10个渐变变化,最中间4个不显示，其余6个等比例alpha
float lineAlphaPercent = Math.max(0,Math.abs(totalOffset) - (4 * itemWidth)) / (6f * itemWidth);
linePaint.setAlpha((int) (255 * lineAlphaPercent));
} else {
linePaint.setAlpha((int) (255 * (minAlpha + (1 - minAlpha) * percent)));
}
if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(text)) {
// 存在文字判断为节点，刻度加长加粗
canvas.drawRect(width /2f -4, height/2f - 10, width/2f +4, height/2f +10, linePaint);
} else {
canvas.drawRect(width /2f -3, height/2f - 4, width/2f +3, height/2f +4, linePaint);
}
paint.setAlpha((int) (255 * (minAlpha + (1 - minAlpha) * percent)));
Paint.FontMetrics metrics = paint.getFontMetrics();
canvas.translate(0, -50);
// 文字靠近中间8格以内不显示，防止重叠
if (Math.abs(position - centerPosition) > 8) {
canvas.drawText(text, width / 2f - textWidth / 2f, height / 2f - (metrics.top + metrics.bottom) / 2f, paint);
}
canvas.restore();
}
protected void drawCenter(Canvas canvas, int centerPosition) {
// 绘制三角指示器
path.reset();
path.moveTo(width / 2f - 10, height / 2f - 80);
path.lineTo(width / 2f + 10, height / 2f - 80);
path.lineTo(width / 2f , height / 2f - 50);
path.close();
linePaint.setAlpha(255);
canvas.drawPath(path, linePaint);
Paint.FontMetrics metrics = paint.getFontMetrics();
String text = "";
text = adjustingPosition(centerPosition) + "";
paint.setTextSize(textSize * 1.5f);
paint.setAlpha(255);
float textWidth = paint.measureText(text);
canvas.drawText(text, width / 2f - textWidth / 2f, height / 2f - (metrics.top + metrics.bottom) / 2f, paint);
}
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
if (!isEnabled()) {
return false;
}
// 触摸时取消滚动和吸附
stopScroll();
stopAdsorbAnim();
// 速度监听
velocityTracker.addMovement(event);
switch (event.getAction()) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
// 重置状态
scrollState = SCROLL_STATE_NORMAL;
lastX = event.getX();
startX = event.getX();
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
curX -= event.getX() - lastX;
// 调整y使其不超出边界
curX = adjustingX(curX);
lastX = event.getX();
invalidate();
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
if (Math.abs(startX - event.getX()) < 10 && System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime < 100) {
setCenterPosition(getNewPosition(curPosition, startX > width / 2f));
} else {
curX -= event.getX() - lastX;
// 调整y使其不超出边界
curX = adjustingX(curX);
lastX = event.getX();
// 计算速度，根据速度决定惯性滚动还是吸附
velocityTracker.computeCurrentVelocity(2000, 3000);
checkTouch((int) velocityTracker.getXVelocity(), (int) velocityTracker.getYVelocity());
}
break;
default:
break;
}
return true;
}
private int getNewPosition(int position, boolean positionUp) {
int newPosition = positionUp ? position + 1 : position - 1;
if (isLoop) {
return adjustingPosition(newPosition);
}
return Math.max(0, Math.min(data.length, newPosition));
}
@Override
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
getParent().requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(true);
return super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
}
/**
* 开始惯性滚动
*
* @param xSpeed X轴速度，可为负数
* @param ySpeed Y轴速度，可为负数
*/
private void startFling(int xSpeed, int ySpeed) {
scrollState = SCROLL_STATE_FLING;
scroller.fling((int) lastX, 0, xSpeed, ySpeed, Integer.MIN_VALUE, Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
invalidate();
}
@Override
public void computeScroll() {
super.computeScroll();
// 当开始吸附时舍弃计算值
if (!manager.isAnimRunning(KEY_PICKER_ADSORB_ANIM) && scrollState == SCROLL_STATE_FLING && scroller.computeScrollOffset()) {
// 速度低于一定值时执行吸附操作
if (Math.abs(scroller.getCurrVelocity()) > 100) {
curX -= scroller.getCurrX() - lastX;
curX = adjustingX(curX);
lastX = scroller.getCurrX();
// 不循环时限制滚动到边界，且相同值时不多次触发回调
if (!isLoop) {
int newPosition = -1;
if (curX == 0) {
newPosition = 0;
} else if (curX == itemWidth * (data.length - 1)) {
newPosition = data.length - 1;
}
if (pickerChangeListener != null && newPosition >= 0 && curPosition != newPosition) {
curPosition = newPosition;
pickerChangeListener.onPickerSelectedChanged(this, curPosition, data[curPosition], true);
}
}
invalidate();
} else {
startAdsorbAnim();
}
}
}
/**
* 开始吸附动画
*/
public void startAdsorbAnim() {
float x = curX;
int centerPosition = getCenterShowPosition(x);
float offsetX = adjustingX(x) - itemWidth * centerPosition;
int newPosition;
// 超出一半时吸附到下一个item
if (offsetX >= itemWidth / 2f) {
manager.playAnim(KEY_PICKER_ADSORB_ANIM, curX, curX + itemWidth - offsetX);
newPosition = adjustingPosition(centerPosition + 1);
} else {
manager.playAnim(KEY_PICKER_ADSORB_ANIM, curX, curX - offsetX);
newPosition = adjustingPosition(centerPosition);
}
if ( curPosition != newPosition) {
curPosition = newPosition;
}
if (pickerChangeListener != null) {
pickerChangeListener.onPickerSelectedChanged(this, curPosition, data[curPosition], true);
}
}
/**
* 停止吸附
*/
public void stopAdsorbAnim() {
manager.stopAnim(KEY_PICKER_ADSORB_ANIM);
}
/**
* 开始滚动动画，用于手动指定中心position时使用
*
* @param endX 滚动的结束值
*/
protected void startScroll(float endX) {
float x = adjustingX(curX);
scrollState = SCROLL_STATE_SCROLLING;
int min = 0;
if (isLoop) {
// 循环时就近选择最近的滚动方式，上下各延长getTotalX距离
int normal = (int) (endX - x);
int less = (int) (endX - x - getTotalX());
int more = (int) (endX - x + getTotalX());
if (Math.abs(normal) < Math.abs(less)) {
min = normal;
} else {
min = less;
}
if (Math.abs(more) < Math.abs(min)) {
min = more;
}
} else {
min = (int) (endX - x);
}
manager.playAnim(KEY_PICKER_SCROLL_ANIM, x, min + x);
}
/**
* 停止滚动
*/
private void stopScroll() {
manager.stopAnim(KEY_PICKER_SCROLL_ANIM);
}
/**
* 根据当前速度决定是否要进行惯性滚动
*
* @param speedX X轴速度
* @param speedY Y轴速度
*/
protected void checkTouch(int speedX, int speedY) {
if (Math.abs(speedX) > 100) {
startFling(speedX, speedY);
} else {
startAdsorbAnim();
}
}
/**
* 设置中心显示的item的下标
*
* @param position 目标position
*/
public void setCenterPosition(int position) {
setCenterPosition(position, true);
}
/**
* 设置中心显示的item的下标
*
* @param position 目标position
* @param smooth 是否播放动画
*/
public void setCenterPosition(int position, boolean smooth) {
stopAdsorbAnim();
stopScroll();
scrollState = SCROLL_STATE_NORMAL;
if (!smooth) {
curX = itemWidth * position;
invalidate();
} else {
startScroll(itemWidth * position);
}
curPosition = position;
if (pickerChangeListener != null) {
pickerChangeListener.onPickerSelectedChanged(this, curPosition, data[curPosition], false);
}
}
/**
* 重新设置数据
*
* @param data 新数据
*/
public void setData(String[] data) {
this.data = data;
invalidate();
}
/**
* 设置行高
*
* @param itemWidth 行高
*/
public void setitemWidth(int itemWidth) {
this.itemWidth = itemWidth;
invalidate();
}
/**
* 设置单边显示个数（包含中心item）
*
* @param showCount 显示个数
*/
public void setShowCount(int showCount) {
this.showCount = showCount;
invalidate();
}
/**
* 设置边缘最小缩放
*
* @param minScale 最小缩放
*/
public void setMinScale(float minScale) {
this.minScale = minScale;
invalidate();
}
/**
* 设置边缘最小透明度
*
* @param minAlpha 最小透明度
*/
public void setMinAlpha(float minAlpha) {
this.minAlpha = minAlpha;
invalidate();
}
/**
* 设置文字颜色id
*
* @param textColorId 文字颜色id
*/
public void setTextColorId(int textColorId) {
if (textColorId > 0) {
paint.setColor(ContextCompat.getColor(context,textColorId));
}
invalidate();
}
/**
* 设置中心文字颜色
*
* @param color 颜色值int
*/
public void setTextColor(int color) {
paint.setColor(color);
invalidate();
}
/**
* 设置中心文字大小
*
* @param textSize 文字大小
*/
public void setTextSize(int textSize) {
this.textSize = textSize;
invalidate();
}
public void setPickerChangeListener(PickerChangeListener pickerChangeListener) {
this.pickerChangeListener = pickerChangeListener;
}
/**
* 获取当前选中item在数组里的下标
*
* @return 当前选中下标
*/
public int getCurPosition() {
return curPosition;
}
}