下图给出了一个迷宫的平面图，其中标记为1 的为障碍，标记为0 的为可
以通行的地方。
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010000
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迷宫的入口为左上角，出口为右下角，在迷宫中，只能从一个位置走到这
个它的上、下、左、右四个方向之一。
对于上面的迷宫，从入口开始，可以按DRRURRDDDR 的顺序通过迷宫，
一共10 步。其中D、U、L、R 分别表示向下、向上、向左、向右走。
对于下面这个更复杂的迷宫（30 行50 列），请找出一种通过迷宫的方式，
其使用的步数最少，在步数最少的前提下，请找出字典序最小的一个作为答案。
请注意在字典序中D<L<R<U。
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01010101001011001001010110010110100100001000101010
00001000100000101010010000100000001001100110100101
01111011010010001000001101001011100011000000010000
01000000001010100011010000101000001010101011001011
00011111000000101000010010100010100000101100000000
11001000110101000010101100011010011010101011110111
00011011010101001001001010000001000101001110000000
10100000101000100110101010111110011000010000111010
00111000001010100001100010000001000101001100001001
11000110100001110010001001010101010101010001101000
00010000100100000101001010101110100010101010000101
11100100101001001000010000010101010100100100010100
00000010000000101011001111010001100000101010100011
10101010011100001000011000010110011110110100001000
10101010100001101010100101000010100000111011101001
10000000101100010000101100101101001011100000000100
10101001000000010100100001000100000100011110101001
00101001010101101001010100011010101101110000110101
11001010000100001100000010100101000001000111000010
00001000110000110101101000000100101001001000011101
10100101000101000000001110110010110101101010100001
00101000010000110101010000100010001001000100010101
10100001000110010001000010101001010101011111010010
00000100101000000110010100101001000001000000000010
11010000001001110111001001000011101001011011101000
00000110100010001000100000001000011101000000110011
10101000101000100010001111100010101001010000001000
10000010100101001010110000000100101010001011101000
00111100001000010000000110111000000001000000001011
10000001100111010111010001000110111010101101111000
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答案
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DDDDRRURRRRRRDRRRRDDDLDDRDDDDDDDDDDDDRDDRRRURRUURRDDDDRDRRRRRRDRRURRDDDRRRRUURUUUUUUULULLUUUURRRRUULLLUUUULLUUULUURRURRURURRRDDRRRRRDDRRDDLLLDDRRDDRDDLDDDLLDDLLLDLDDDLDDRRRRRRRRRDDDDDDRR
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#include<cstdio>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
#include<queue>
#include<set>
using namespace std;
#define N 30
#define M 50
char map[N][M];
int dir[4][2]={{1,0},{0,-1},{0,1},{-1,0}};//D<L<R<U
char ch[4]={'D','L','R','U'};
int vis[N][M]={0};
struct point
{
int x,y;
string road;
point(int a,int b)
{
x=a;
y=b;
}
};
void bfs()
{
queue<point> q;
point p(0,0);
p.road="";
q.push(p);
vis[0][0]=1;
while(!q.empty())
{
point t=q.front();
q.pop();
if(t.x==N-1&&t.y==M-1)
{
cout<<t.road<<endl;
break;
}
for(int i=0;i<4;i++)
{
int dx=t.x+dir[i][0];
int dy=t.y+dir[i][1];
if(dx>=0&&dx<N&&dy>=0&&dy<M)
{
if(map[dx][dy]=='0'&&!vis[dx][dy])
{
point tt(dx,dy);
tt.road=t.road+ch[i];//记录路径
q.push(tt);
vis[dx][dy]=1;
}
}
}
}
}
int main()
{
for(int i=0;i<N;i++)
{
for(int j=0;j<M;j++)
scanf("%c",&map[i][j]);
getchar();//读掉回车
}
bfs();
return 0;
}
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