谢邀,@Loser Loser我来支持一下@不知彼岸的答案:效用最大化就是一个套套逻辑,这是毫无疑问的。以偏好的完备性为例,Eliaz & Ok (2006, GEB) 是这么说的:It is, however, fair to say that there remains a foundational problem with the notion of incomplete preferences. A well-founded tradition that was pioneered by Samuelson (1938) identifies “choice” as a more basic notion than “preference,” largely because the former is observable and the latter is not. Adopting this point of view, then, one seems to be forced to accept that “incompleteness” of one’s preferences are unobservable, and hence while intuitively meaningful, such preference structures lack c
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